With accuracies of up to 1 second in 30 years (30 ms/y, or 0.95 ns/s), quartz clocks replaced precision pendulum clocks as the world's most accurate timekeepers until atomic clocks were developed in the 1950s. In 1928, Warren Marrison of Bell Telephone Laboratories developed the first quartz-crystal clock. In 1925, Westinghouse installed a crystal oscillator in its flagship station KDKA, and by 1926, quartz crystals were used to control the frequency of many broadcasting stations and were popular with amateur radio operators. Since broadcast stations were assigned frequencies only 10 kHz (Americas) or 9 kHz (elsewhere) apart, interference between adjacent stations due to frequency drift was a common problem. Prior to crystals, radio stations controlled their frequency with tuned circuits, which could easily drift off frequency by 3–4 kHz. Quartz crystal oscillators were developed for high-stability frequency references during the 1920s and 1930s. Other early innovators in quartz crystal oscillators include G. Cady built the first quartz crystal oscillator in 1921. Nicholson at Bell Telephone Laboratories, although his priority was disputed by Walter Guyton Cady. The first crystal-controlled oscillator, using a crystal of Rochelle salt, was built in 1917 and patented in 1918 by Alexander M. Paul Langevin first investigated quartz resonators for use in sonar during World War I. Piezoelectricity was discovered by Jacques and Pierre Curie in 1880. Very early Bell Labs crystals from Vectron International Collection Quartz crystals are also found inside test and measurement equipment, such as counters, signal generators, and oscilloscopes. However, in applications where small size and weight is needed crystals can be replaced by thin-film bulk acoustic resonators, specifically if ultra-high frequency (more than roughly 1.5 GHz) resonance is needed. Most are used for consumer devices such as wristwatches, clocks, radios, computers, and cellphones. As of 2003, around two billion crystals are manufactured annually. Quartz crystals are manufactured for frequencies from a few tens of kilohertz to hundreds of megahertz. Once a quartz crystal is adjusted to a particular frequency (which is affected by the mass of electrodes attached to the crystal, the orientation of the crystal, temperature and other factors), it maintains that frequency with high stability. The quartz oscillates at a stable resonant frequency, behaving like an RLC circuit, but with a much higher Q factor (less energy loss on each cycle of oscillation). A voltage applied to the electrodes on the crystal causes it to change shape when the voltage is removed, the crystal generates a small voltage as it elastically returns to its original shape. However, other piezoelectricity materials including polycrystalline ceramics are used in similar circuits.Ī crystal oscillator relies on the slight change in shape of a quartz crystal under an electric field, a property known as inverse piezoelectricity. The most common type of piezoelectric resonator used is a quartz crystal, so oscillator circuits incorporating them became known as crystal oscillators. The oscillator frequency is often used to keep track of time, as in quartz wristwatches, to provide a stable clock signal for digital integrated circuits, and to stabilize frequencies for radio transmitters and receivers. Nicholson, Walter Guyton CadyĪ crystal oscillator is an electronic oscillator circuit that uses a piezoelectric crystal as a frequency-selective element. A miniature 16 MHz quartz crystal enclosed in a hermetically sealed HC-49/S package, used as the resonator in a crystal oscillator.Īlexander M.
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Like the frilled shark, the goblin shark is often known as a living fossil thanks to its protrusible jaws, blade-resembling snout, and flabby, semi-translucent, rough skin with dermal denticle covering. The goblin shark earns a reputation for being unattractive due to its elongated, flattened, distinctive snout that looks like the fictional goblin’s ears. Pink is a beautiful color, but it does little to adorn the goblin shark, a shark species that bears a resemblance to the small ogre monster in the folklore of several European cultures. While hagfish are undisputedly ugly, they are popular amongst biologists as the only extant animal with a skull but no vertebrae. Worse still, they look like dreadful aliens and have disgusting feeding habits, burying themselves in carcasses and eating them inside out. They are slime-producing tubular fish with paddle-shaped tails and pink-grey naked skin that covers their body like a loose sock. Hagfish may look like eels, but members of this class are uglier than eels. Little wonder its scientific name is coined from the Greek words chaulios (open-mouthed) and odous (teeth). The fish is everything that describes a predator, from being undoubtedly scary to having the largest teeth relative to its head size. While the Sloane’s viperfish is a bioluminescent creature, it does not translate to being attractive. Unlike the red-lipped batfish secluded in Ecuador and Peru, the Sloane’s Viperfish occupies almost all marine waters in the temperate and tropical oceans, living between depths of 1,000 and 2,000 meters. Scientific Name: Chauliodus sloani (c) Brian Suda Monkfish are tasty, delicious menus in high-end restaurants despite their unappealing looks. These fishes can change their body color to match their surroundings, helping them prey on other species. However, these fishes are also known as sea devils due to their horrific looks, with large, depressed heads, small eyes, fang-like teeth, and mottled skin that makes the rest of the body appear like an appendage. The North Sea and North Atlantic fishermen call fishes from the genus Lophius “Monkfish.” However, its unpopularity results from a small geographical range, occurring in the Galapagos Islands of Ecuador and the outskirts of Peru, where they prefer to walk on the ocean floor than swim. The ugly fish is not a prominent aquatic figure as you may expect. Scientists suggest that red-lipped batfishes use their large, bright-colored lips to attract mates. The red-lipped batfish even looks uglier with a ‘beard,’ ‘mustache,’ ‘horn’ on its forehead, a large ‘nose,’ and an odd-shaped body. They are bony fishes with huge heads and crescent-shaped mouths, usually dark gray to dark brown.Īngler fishes are famed for their fleshy piece of dorsal fins that extends over their mouth and illuminates to attract prey.ĭespite being one of the ugliest fish species, they are not the kind of fish you would love to encounter as their plenty sharp, translucent teeth and large size, reaching 4.3 feet long, are enough to scare you. It isn’t very pleasant to say that none of the 200+ angler fish species is easy on the eye, but we have to say it still. Scientific Name: Linophrynidae The Angler Fish looks better in water in water. Researchers drawing similarities between the frilled shark and living fossils tells what you need to know about this fish. Like the big, bad, ugly wolf, the frilled shark is also large and fearsome, surpassing six feet in length with about 300 curved, needle-like teeth. It inhabits marine waters like other shark species, occupying the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, where its color, length, and rear fin placement distinguish it from other sharks. The frilled shark is an example of what happens when evolution does not give a creature the aesthetic pleasure humans are used to. Scientific Name: Chlamydoselachus anguineus However, it looks less ugly in its natural habitat than out of water. The blobfish lives in a high-pressure environment between 600 and 1,200 meters deep ocean. The fish’s name comes from its lifetime routine of gently bobbing around the deep sea thanks to its gelatinous appearance aiding its buoyancy. The smooth-head fish is a foot-long and pink, with soft bones and few muscles. It won the poll to emerge as a mascot for its attractiveness, and such a proposition is not far from right. The public voted for the blobfish via a poll as the Ugly Animal Preservation Society mascot in 2013. The most attractive ones often hit the posters however, the blobfish has made history as an unlikely poster creature. Scientific Name: Psychrolutes marcidus (c) James Joel Conclusion: Ugly fish species have got to be weird to survive The Ugliest Fish in the World’s Oceans & Seas 1. Grounded theory can respond and change as conditions that affect behavior change.As a general theory, grounded theory adapts readily to studies of diverse phenomena.Grounded theory is better at determining what actually happens.Grounded theory produces a 'thick description that acknowledges areas of conflict and contradiction. Grounded theory (GT) is a general research method that provides the efficient generation of theory from data, which are collected by a strong, sound, and fair research method.Identify potential analytic categories (that is, potential themes) that arise 3. Produce transcripts of interviews and read through a small sample of text 2. Grounded theory can identify the situated nature of knowledge, as well as the contingent nature of practice. Qualitative Research: Grounded Theory The Process According to Bernard, the grounded theory process is 'deceptively simple': 1.Other Comments gathered from the literature: Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc.) Salkind (Ed.), Encyclopedia of research design. While grounded theory is inherently flexible, it is a complex methodology. Grounded theory sets out to discover or construct theory from data, systematically obtained and analysed using comparative analysis. Approaches to qualitative research based on constructionism, such as grounded theory, pay attention to how the subjectivity of both the researcher and the study. Qualitative and quantitative data generation techniques can be used in a grounded theory study. "Grounded theory provides a methodology to develop an understanding of social phenomena that is not pre-formed or pre-theoretically developed with existing theories and paradigms." (Engward, H (2013) Nursing standard, 28, 7, 37-41)Īs an exploratory method, grounded theory is particularly well suited for investigating social processes that have attracted little prior research attention, where the previous research is lacking in breadth and/or depth, or where a new point of view on familiar topics appears promising. Qualitative research is a type of research that aims to gather and analyse non-numerical (descriptive) data in order to gain an understanding of individuals social reality. World Futures: Journal of Global Education 62, 7, 481-490.) We argue that other qualitative researchers might be similarly specific about their procedures and evaluative criteria. Some professional and personal notes on research methods, systems theory and grounded action. Therefore, the value of Grounded Theory is that it avoids making assumptions and instead adopts a more neutral view of human action in a social context. Interviewing and observations over time.".the researcher should not predetemine a priori about what he or she will find, and what and how social phenomena should be viewed. As the instances are recognized, they are given a code. When multiple participants use the same words or very similar words or behave in the same or similar ways, the researcher makes note of that. What is it 'Grounded theory refers to a set of systematic inductive methods for conducting qualitative research aimed toward theory development. Inductive reasoning includes as much information as possible about each case, including the context of the cases, and then looking for similarities. With deductive reasoning, the investigator tests the hypothesis by removing extraneous data or variables to get a clear picture of the most likely cause(es) of the problem. Grounded theory uses data to generate theory, and ultimately, produce hypotheses that account for the behavior seen for further research and testing (Stern & Porr, 2011). Grounded theory is a qualitative research method, so the processes used are inductive, rather than deductive. The authors chose to investigate the parenting of divorced mothers of children with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The article by McBroom and Ganong (2017) in this issue used grounded theory. It may not be familiar to the student and to many of those in practice. Grounded theory is a qualitative method used to identify the "main concerns of subjects and the behaviors they use to resolve their main concerns" (Artinian, 2009, p. When a topic has so little research documented in the literature that there is no theory to guide practice, deductive reasoning and quantitative research may not be the most appropriate types of methods. Pros of Giorgio Armani Luminous Silk Foundation Shade 5: I have not used that foundation hence I cannot compare but I know tons of beauty bloggers who support this opinion. I do not love the fact that it is so pricey and also I would not recommend this product for people with very oily skin who do need to set their makeup with heavy duty powder since powder tends to take away the luminosity of this foundation away, which is the best part of the product.įor the record, the L’Oreal True Match lumi foundation is supposed to be a drugstore dupe for this product. It did settle a little bit into my pores but did not accentuate them horribly and I find I can avoid this issue by using a good primer underneath. I did find that it accentuated and stuck to my dry patches hence I do have to make sure my face was properly moisturized before using this. I do have very dry skin overall with areas of my chin and underye oily. I have the shade 5 which does match my skin tone (for reference I am a MAC NW23) It does have a neutral undertone which is too yellow nor too pink. This foundation comes in shade numbers rather than names which might be a bit tricky. For places, where I do need heavier coverage like on my post-acne scars, I do need to build up another layer on that particular area with about half a pump and it does not look piled on or cakey. I can apply one layer on my skin (blended with my trusted beauty blender) and I find it covers most of my skin flaws like redness and uneven skin tone. The coverage is medium but it is easily build-able. Parsec is an app with truly great potential, that enables you to stream PC games to your Android device and play them anytime and anywhere (so long as you have an internet connection, that is). If you already own a PC with games, you simply need to download and run the Parsec program, and then you can convert your PC into a sort of server that you, and anyone you invite, can connect to and play awesome PC games. That being said, most of the games require a controller, so joining games is only recommended if you already have a controller connected to your Android device. Its a little experimental but it works for Android devices 5.0 and later. Install or update to the newest version to check it out Additional APP Information Latest Version 1.2. Your computer will use the web client for invite links whenever the Parsec application isn't running or can't be detected by the site. Get Parsec old version APK for Android Download About Parsec English Secure sharing of sensitive data on the Cloud Placeholder What's New in the Latest Version 1.2.1 Last updated on Minor bug fixes and improvements. Once you've created a Parsec user account, you can join any ongoing games, or get a group of friends together and play all kinds of PC games online, both cooperative and competitive. Get access to all your PC games with Parsecs streaming technology. The Parsec Web Client is a convenient way to access your computer with a Google Chrome or Chromium browser, without having to download the Parsec application. Parsec kt ni bn vi PC bn có th truy cp các d án quan trng, trò chi ca mình hoc chi cùng vi bn bè. With this app, you can join other user's ongoing games, as well as connect your Android device to your own PC (although you will need to install the Parsec windows program to do so). Get Parsec old version APK for Android Ti v Gii thiu v Parsec Ting Vit Trò chi, làm vic và chi cùng nhau t mi ni. Parsec is an Android app that can stream loads of PC games to your Android device. Therefore, we’re unable to offer refunds.ĭo not resale any designs in any place without permission, otherwise, we’ll take legal action, against your store or website. Custom Personalized Boundless Love Wall Art from 59.99. Due to being digital files, it’s impossible to have the product returned. My Greatest Blessings Call Me DAD Custom Wall Art from 59.99.I strive for great customer satisfaction and the designs to be the best! Note: if you find a mistake or receive a damaged file PLEASE contact me ASAP so I can fix the issue. You will need to unzip/extract the received folder to enable the use of the separate files. *** Due to the numerous variations of cutters and software I am not able to provide support on how to use these files with your software or machine. Make sure these file formats are compatible with your software. *** You must have a cutting machine and software to use these files. *** This is a DIGITAL item for INSTANT DOWNLOAD! No PHYSICAL ITEM will be shipped!ĭownload contains 1 zip folder, you will get each design saved in png.Ĥ.My Greatest Blessings Call Me Gigi SVG, Gigi SVG, Gigi Gift Svg, Gigi Shirt SVG, Gigi svg for shirts, Funny Gigi Saying Svg, Gigi Life Shirt, Gigi Quote Svg, Blessed Gigi Svg, Mother’s Day svg, Best Gigi Svg, Cut file for cricut, silhouette, vector, clipart, editable svg file Polar Camel, Insulated, Stainless Steel, Gigi MugThis laser. There should be folders with files inside that end with these letters. My Greatest Blessings Call Me Gigi Laser Engraved Travel Mugs, Can be Personalized, 20 oz. Double-click the ZIP file, and your computer will 'unzip' it. The file will download somewhere on your machine, probably in 'Downloads.' The file will be a ZIP file.ģ. Compra My Greatest Blessings Call Me GiGi: Personalized Grandmother Journal with Her Special Nickname. SVG can be used with: Cricut Design Space, and Silhouette Designer Edition, Make the Cut (MTC), Sure Cuts A Lot (SCAL), and Brother Scan and Cut Canvas software. Funny Best Gifts Idea Proud Gigi Grandmother Grandma Grammy Nana Mothers Day Grandparents Day Grandma Grandmother Gifts Love Granddaughters Grandsons. Download includes: SVG, EPS, DXF, PNG formats in a zipped folder. These files will work in almost every craft cutter but double check that yours supports one of these 3 formats before buying.Īll files will be in a zipped folder - see below for instructions. After purchasing a digital file, you will get a download link, then you can simply download the zip file.Ģ. My greatest blessings call me Gigi, Digital Cut file made specially for cutting machines. Sale Girlie Girl Originals My Greatest Blessings Call Me Gigi T-Shirt Size Guide 19.99 24.99 You Save 20 ( 5.00 ) Ships in 2-3 Business days Details: Gigi This classic fit pre-shrunk jersey knit tee is 6-ounce 50 cotton and 50 polyester. Note: this is a digital file and no physical item will shipped. Home Decor items, like doormats or pillows My Greatest Blessings Call Me Gigi svg, Mothers Day svg, Grandparents Day svg, Silhouette, Cricut, DIGITAL CUT FILE (1.6k) 3.00. Instant Download: My greatest blessings call me Gigi svg - Are you a Gigi? This svg file for crafters is for all you need to create an adorable shirt or tote bag! Description 'My Greatest Blessings Call Me Mom' Digital Download SVG, PNG, DXF, EPS Files My Greatest Blessings Call Me Mom SVG Cutting File, Mama, Mom, Mommy, Mother, Blessed, Mother’s Day, Heart, Love, Momma, Digital File, PNG, This listing is for a compressed. The biggest difference is the integration of NoScript, included by default. The design of the browser will be instantly recognizable to Firefox users, but there are a couple of notable changes. It means you can use the service regardless of what computer you're working on, even if it's in a public location such as a library or university. You don't need to install any software on your machine the browser is a portable app that can live on a USB stick. Tor is also used by law enforcement organizations who want to visit websites without leaving government IP addresses in the site's log. It's so secure that the US Navy uses it for intelligence gathering. To access the Tor network, you need to use the Tor browser. In simple terms, instead of going directly from A to B, the network sends your traffic on a maze-like route through many locations.Ī sniffer looking at a single point on that route has no way to tell where the traffic originated or where it's going. It sends your internet traffic through so many individual relays and tunnels that the header is nonsensical to traffic analysis tools. Encryption can only hide the payload, not the header.Īnd that's when Tor comes in. It includes information such as source, size, and timestamps. The payload is the actual data (for example, the contents of an email) the header helps the data get to its destination. Data sent over the internet has two key aspects: the payload and the header. It can track your behavior and interests for advertising companies, it can lead to price discrimination on online shopping sites based on location, it can even reveal your identity to people who might want to silence or harm you.īasic encryption techniques don't protect you against traffic analysis. Network traffic analysis is arguably the most powerful weapon in a data collector's armory. This is called "Picture-in-picture", and every modern browser has this. The ad-blocker through, you can't block specific items, and the last time I've checked, it doesn't support lists in uBlock Origin format It's slow, and it works only on the browser. But yeah, Opera tends to use less RAM than chrome "It also performs and loads pages much, much faster"Īny clean web browser installation can be faster than one that has a lot of caches, extensions, cookies, etc. Please point out any disadvantages of using Opera if any. There are many more options within settings that I haven't explored. These are just some things that I've found useful and came on top of my mind for 1 week of usage. Opera has this option, not needed though. Another issue with chrome was that it didn't load background tabs, which was a "feature" to save RAM, without any option to disable it.I had a severe issue with Chrome where it just logged me out of everywhere including chrome every time the browser was closed.
The app therefore asks users to select apps they wish to use less of, and to set a daily usage target. In short, the edge of the screen gets more and more red when a problematic app is used for a longer period of time, and the more these apps are used in a single day, the more of the screen the glow will surround. The latter builds on a finding from previous research that these long, mindless, habitual use cases are perceived as particularly unsatisfying by users, giving a sense of a lack of autonomy. It changes into two dimensions - the amount of the screen edge it covers, and the intensity/colour/brightness of the glow - to communicate two distinct quantities the user's progress towards a daily target of usage, and particularly intense usage sessions. This awareness is achieved by displaying an 'edge glow' on screen, at all times. AppTracker attempts to remove the need for frustrating interventions such as outright restriction of app usage, by instead giving the user a continuous, subliminal awareness of their smartphone usage, encouraging mindfulness. A survey of existing literature and solutions found that while tracking of phone use is now a common and readily available feature, this tracking data is not always immediately available to the user. Tackling problematic smartphone usage with on-screen usage feedback Or 'helping people use their phones less by giving them a sense of how much they've used their device'ĪppTracker is an app developed as part of an MSc Human Computer Interaction dissertation, which builds on research into problematic smartphone usage and techniques.
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